Ballota saxatilis from Jordan: Evaluation of Essential Oil Composition and Phytochemical Profiling of Crude Extracts and Their In-Vitro Antioxidant Activity

The chemical composition of essential oil extracted from the aerial parts Ballota saxatilis Sieber ex C.Presl Jordan has been elucidated by gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Additionally, aqueous methanol (BsA), Butanol (BsB) and water (BsW) extracts were screened for their total phenol content (TPC), flavonoid (TFC), antioxidant activities using 2,2 Diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) 2,2-Azino-bis (3-ethylbenzthiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) diammonium salt (ABTS) methods. most potent phenolic acids liquid (LC-MS) technique. results indicated that predominantly contained cis-pinane (14.76%), ?-caryophyllene (8.91%) allo-aromadendrene epoxide (6.39%). Among different investigated, BsB fraction had TPC TFC (455.79 ± 1.03 µg gallic acid/g dry extract; 272.62 8.28 quercetin/g extract, respectively) best radical cation scavenging activities, as determined DPPH ABTS Quantitative qualitative LC-MS analyses BsA revealed each kaempferol-3-O-rutinoside (30.29%), chrysoeriol-7-glucoside (7.93%) luteolin 7-o-glucoside (7.76%) main constituents fraction. was rich in 7,4?-dimethoxy-3-hydroxyflavone (34.68%), kaempferol-3,7,4?-trimethyl ether (29.17%) corymbosin (9.66%) lower concentration levels (1.63%) (0.51%).